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Leading options · 8 ranked from 12 screened

Account Abstraction Infra

Account Abstraction Infra evaluated across published price per user operation, markup on sponsored gas, exit path without the vendor, and verified mainnet chain coverage.

Candide
#1 of 8 · published ranking
Candide
81ChainChoice Score
Cost
Not priced · No comparable price is published
Joint #1 · ordered by name, A to Z
No provider can pay for a position in this table. The code that computes this order cannot read which links earn us a commission, and every build proves it. Every score below rebuilds from the published criteria.Ranking 2026.08 · 4 criteria · 8 products · same inputs, same order
Personal comparison

Account Abstraction Infra ranked comparison

No comparable price is published; ranking still uses verified product evidence.

RankProviderBest fitScore
1
CandideCandideSafe-aligned bundler and paymaster with...Top ranked
Markup on sponsored gas — 9/10Trade-off: Candide is the smallest independently-measured operator in this pool by a wide margin...
81score
Check availability for your countryVisit Candide · candide.dev

Commission: This provider pays ChainChoice nothing for this link. Disclosure

Crypto products are high risk. Check the provider is authorised where you live before you deposit.

Joint #1 · ordered by name, A to Z
2
PimlicoERC-4337 bundler and verifying paymaste...
Published price per user operation — 10/10Trade-off: The ERC-20 paymaster's on-chain posture is weaker than the marketing implies and is s...
81score
Check availability for your countryVisit Pimlico · pimlico.io

Commission: This provider pays ChainChoice nothing for this link. Disclosure

Crypto products are high risk. Check the provider is authorised where you live before you deposit.

3
Etherspot (Skandha Bundler and Arka Paymaster)Etherspot (Skandha Bundler and Arka Paymaster)Prepaid-credit bundler and paymaster wi...
Markup on sponsored gas — 10/10Trade-off: Etherspot is the least-used operator in this pool by independent measurement, and the...
80score
Check availability for your countryVisit Etherspot (Skandha Bundler and Arka Paymaster) · etherspot.io

Commission: This provider pays ChainChoice nothing for this link. Disclosure

Crypto products are high risk. Check the provider is authorised where you live before you deposit.

4
Alchemy Smart Wallets (Gas Manager and Bundler APIs)Alchemy Smart Wallets (Gas Manager and Bundler APIs)Bundler and gas manager sold as compute...
Published price per user operation — 8/10Trade-off: The cheapest per-operation fee in the pool comes bundled with the least flexible gas...
76score
Check availability for your countryVisit Alchemy Smart Wallets (Gas Manager and Bundler APIs) · alchemy.com

Commission: This provider pays ChainChoice nothing for this link. Disclosure

Crypto products are high risk. Check the provider is authorised where you live before you deposit.

5
ZeroDevZeroDevSmart account platform with a bundler f...
Published price per user operation — 7/10Trade-off: ZeroDev is no longer an independent vendor and the buyer should price that in: "Today...
69score
Check availability for your countryVisit ZeroDev · zerodev.app

Commission: This provider pays ChainChoice nothing for this link. Disclosure

Crypto products are high risk. Check the provider is authorised where you live before you deposit.

6
thirdweb Account Abstractionthirdweb Account AbstractionBundler and paymaster bundled into a mo...
Markup on sponsored gas — 8/10Trade-off: Account abstraction is not a standalone product here — it is a feature of a platform...
68score
Check availability for your countryVisit thirdweb Account Abstraction · thirdweb.com

Commission: This provider pays ChainChoice nothing for this link. Disclosure

Crypto products are high risk. Check the provider is authorised where you live before you deposit.

2 more assessed and ranked below — none of them hidden for commercial reasons.
Ranking blindCommercial terms excludedDated primary sources

Ranked on 4 published criteria weighted 30/20/30/20, which set goal alignment — 30 of the 86 points. The rest: regional access 20, evidence depth 18, ease of use 10, institutional trust 8. Profile match is shown in breakdowns but carries no weight.

Audit
Infrastructure
Methodology
2026.09.15
published 2026-09-16
Providers tracked
980+
across 119 categories
Last verified
2026-09-27
newest dated pricing or sentiment read
Named on the roster
2 people
managing directors · 6 automated processes
Decision guide

What matters most before choosing in this category

Weighted on the published unit price (30), the markup on sponsored gas (20), whether you can leave without the vendor (30), and verified chain coverage (20). Exit carries as much weight as price because of what the numbers show: summing BundleBear's own bundler table gives 1,230,964,806 user operations across sixteen labelled operators, of which Alchemy alone is 791,397,966 — 64.29% — and Alchemy, Pimlico and Coinbase together are 83.59%. The entire competitive tail here shares 5.40% between them. The infrastructure layer under "decentralised" accounts is more concentrated than most centralised exchanges.

What matters most before choosing in this category

Weighted on the published unit price (30), the markup on sponsored gas (20), whether you can leave without the vendor (30), and verified chain coverage (20). Exit carries as much weight as price because of what the numbers show: summing BundleBear's own bundler table gives 1,230,964,806 user operations across sixteen labelled operators, of which Alchemy alone is 791,397,966 — 64.29% — and Alchemy, Pimlico and Coinbase together are 83.59%. The entire competitive tail here shares 5.40% between them. The infrastructure layer under "decentralised" accounts is more concentrated than most centralised exchanges.

What does one user operation cost, and what does sponsoring the gas add?
If this vendor stops, can your users still get their transactions included?
Is the chain list you were sold the chain list the bundler actually answers on?
Strong starting point

Expert review and scoring weights

Candide
CandideData checked Sep 2026
Safe-aligned bundler and paymaster with a per-plan ladder, running the LGPL-3.0 Voltaire bundler.

Safe-aligned bundler and paymaster with a per-plan ladder, running the LGPL-3.0 Voltaire bundler. Strongest on markup on sponsored gas (9/10): Candide states that gas is always passed through at cost with no markup, and publishes the sponsorship service fee as a number: 5,000 sponsored operations a month included on Launch, then $0.01 per operation ($0.02 on Starter, $0.005 on Grow). Weakest on verified mainnet chain coverage (5/10): Candide's supported-networks table lists 14 EVM mainnets with chain IDs; 24 more are an add-on by request, and the $399 Launch plan reaches 7 mainnet chains. Its keyless public endpoint answers on 11 of the 14. Published price: "Launch $399/mo Going to Production ✓ 100,000 UserOps/mo ✓ 7 mainnet chains", "Grow $899/mo Scaling ✓ 500,000 UserOps/mo ✓ All mainnet chains" and "Enterprise $3,000+/mo", with sponsorship priced separately: "Gas is always passed through at cost — we never…

Best forMarkup on sponsored gas — 9/10
Main tradeoffCandide is the smallest independently-measured operator in this pool by a wide margin: BundleBear attributes 390,834 UserOps to candide against 122,078,505 for pimlico and 791,397,966 for alchemy (bundlebear.com/erc4337-bundlers/all), roughly three ten-thousandths of the leader. The engineering discipline is real and unusually well documented — "Every minute, on every chain we support, we execute a real signed transaction end to end." — but the SLA is the thing to read twice. Corrected during verification: the SLA quotes belong to docs.candide.dev/wallet/api/reliability.md, not the pricing page, and the two pages describe it differently. The reliability page's table reads "Starter | No SLA", "Launch Prod | No SLA", "Grow | 99% uptime" and "Enterprise | 99.9% uptime, or as specified in contract"; the pricing page's comparison row instead reads "Uptime SLA Best Effort Best Effort 99.0% 99.9% (w/ penalties)". Either way the $399/mo production plan carries no uptime commitment at all.
Verify before signup"Launch $399/mo Going to Production ✓ 100,000 UserOps/mo ✓ 7 mainnet chains", "Grow $899/mo Scaling ✓ 500,000 UserOps/mo ✓ All mainnet chains" and "Enterprise $3,000+/mo", with sponsorship priced separately: "Gas is always passed through at cost — we never mark up gas prices. The included ops per month are free. After the included amount, a small service fee applies." against "Included Ops 1,000 Ops 5,000 Ops/mo 25,000 Ops/mo Unlimited" and "Fee After Included $0.02/op $0.01/op $0.005/op Zero" (docs.candide.dev/wallet/pricing/, fetched 2026-09-27, HTTP 200, page stamped "Last updated on Jul 24, 2026"; every figure unchanged from 2026-08-07). The free Starter tier is a trial: "2,500 mainnet UserOps — 90 day trial". WORKED EXAMPLE (ChainChoice arithmetic, 2026-09-27, Base): 50,000 unsponsored user operations sit inside the Launch plan's 100,000 UserOps/mo, so the fee is 399.00 US dollars (0.00798 each); 50,000 sponsored operations exceed the 5,000 included sponsorship ops, so the fee is 399.00 + 45,000 x 0.01 = 849.00 US dollars, or 0.01698 each, the most expensive sponsored service fee in the pool.
Methodology

How this category is reviewed

Reviewed on published price per user operation, markup on sponsored gas, exit path without the vendor, and verified mainnet chain coverage.

The order on this page is the published ranking for this category. Every criterion, weight and source behind it is on the methodology page.
Frequently asked

Questions people ask before choosing account abstraction infra

How concentrated is this layer really?
More than the word "decentralised" in front of it suggests. Re-derived from the raw page data at bundlebear.com/erc4337-bundlers/all on 2026-08-07: 1,230,964,806 user operations across sixteen labelled operators, with Alchemy at 791,397,966 (64.29%) and Alchemy, Pimlico and Coinbase together at 1,028,954,948 (83.59%). A further 130,710,666 (10.62%) are attributed to "Unknown". Everything else in this comparison — thirdweb, Biconomy, Particle, Gelato, Stackup, Candide, Etherspot — shares 66,432,774 between them, or 5.40%. That is why the ability to leave carries 30% of the weight here rather than being a footnote.
Is the advertised chain count the real one?
Not always, and one of them is testable without an API key. thirdweb's pricing page advertises "Chains Supported 145+"; its bundler is addressed per chain and distinguishes a missing key from an unsupported chain, so coverage can be probed keylessly. Of 24 chain IDs probed on 2026-08-07, nine answered "Invalid chain" — Zora, Blast, Mode, Mantle, Unichain, Sonic, HyperEVM, Ink and Soneium — and every one of those nine carries live, byte-identical EntryPoint v0.6 and v0.7 contracts read in the same session. Pimlico publishes three incompatible counts: "100+ chains" on the pricing page, "all 25+ mainnet chains" in the docs pricing table, and an enumerated reference that counts 43 mainnets and 42 testnets, or 85 named networks.
What is a paymaster stake and why should I check it?
Under ERC-4337 reputation rules an unstaked paymaster faces tighter throttling in the canonical mempool — exactly the condition in which you would need a fallback to work. It is checkable directly: calling EntryPoint.getDepositInfo on 2026-08-07 shows Pimlico's ERC-20 paymaster staked on Base for v0.6 and v0.7 (1.9708 and 1.4701 ETH, 1,209,600-second unstake delay) but staked=false with stake=0 for v0.8; on Ethereum mainnet all three are unstaked despite holding deposits of 1.0663, 1.2600 and 1.3893 ETH; on Arbitrum v0.7 is staked and v0.8 is not. None of that appears on any Pimlico page.
REVIEWEDAugust 7, 2026METHOD4 criteriaCATEGORYaccount_abstraction_infra
Not financial advice · For informational purposes only · Always do your own research
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